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These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. The second stage of this study considers implications and lessons learned from the experience of judicial independence in Malaysia. While the study draws on illustrative scholarship and commentary to identify themes, its focus is on the identification and analysis of primary legal sources that reflect institutional arrangements and shed light on the interactions between courts and other branches of government. These primary sources are used to construct a narrative of judicial independence in Malaysia from the time of its independence in 1957 to the first half of 2016. From this starting point, the study identifies and examines a number of primary legal sources related to the themes identified, including constitutional arrangements, legislation, and reported judicial decisions. First, a brief analysis of select secondary sources, including academic commentary and the views of participants in Malaysia’s legal system, distills themes that are seen by observers as important to the meaning and practice of judicial independence in Malaysia. This chapter examines the legal principle of judicial independence in Malaysia in two stages.

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